AI Job Atlas
AI & jobs · Sector

Manufacturing

15%
of this sector’s 489.1M jobs worldwide are exposed to generative AI, about 73.3M people.
MODELAll sectors: 21%

Key numbers

Jobs worldwideILO
489.1M
13.7% of all jobs
Exposed workersMODEL
73.3M
9.7% of all exposed
Highest-exposure jobsMODEL
2.6%
12.8M people
Women’s shareILO
39%
of the sector’s jobs

By income level

MODEL

In most sectors exposure rises with income, because more of the sector’s jobs are clerical, technical or professional.

High income 24%
Upper-middle income 14%
Lower-middle income 13%
Low income 12%

Most exposed

MODEL

Share of the sector’s jobs exposed.

1Singapore 31% 2Japan 30% 3Luxembourg 30% 4Switzerland 28% 5Macao 28% 6Germany 27% 7Netherlands 27% 8Oman 27% 9Denmark 26% 10New Zealand 25%

Most exposed workers

MODEL
1China 19.7M 2India 9.6M 3United States 3.9M 4Japan 3.2M 5Indonesia 2.8M 6Germany 2.1M 7Russian Federation 1.9M 8Brazil 1.8M 9Vietnam 1.6M 10Nigeria 1.5M

Biggest employer (share of jobs)

ILO
1Taiwan 26.0% 2Czech Republic 24.2% 3Vietnam 24.0% 4Slovenia 22.9% 5Slovakia 21.6% 6China 21.0% 7Lesotho 20.7% 8Hungary 20.2% 9North Macedonia 19.9% 10Tunisia 19.2%

Other sectors

MODEL
Finance 56% ICT & software 44% Education 44% Public admin 43% Health & care 41% Business services 36% Retail & wholesale 29% Utilities 26% Hospitality 23% Other services 22% Transport & logistics 19% Mining 13% Construction 10% Agriculture 7%

Other sectors